Knowledge about plant diseases was passed on to us by our ancestors. Over time, information accumulated, new methods of eliminating diseases and their causes were invented, and this is what gave us the opportunity to develop modern methods of combating plant diseases and pests.
The appearance of the disease, as well as its symptoms, directly depends on the nature and cause of its impact. According to the etiological principle, all diseases can be divided into 2 main groups.
All diseases caused by unfavorable natural environmental factors: soil and weather conditions, excess or deficiency of certain nutrients, various mechanical damage.
All diseases caused by pathogens (bacteria, nematodes, fungi, viruses, microplasma organisms, parasitic plants).
Most often, diseases manifest themselves in this form:
Growths or tumors – an increase in the volume of the tree.
Spots. They appear in places where the leaf blade dies.
Deformations of fruits or leaves. Occurs due to uneven growth of large and healthy tissue.
Rot. Gradual decay of tissues of fruits and plants.
Wilting. Occurs as a result of the loss of turgor within the entire plant or a separate part of it.
Ulcers, voids – changes in the color of different plant organs.
What are the types of plant diseases and how to prevent them
Among all infectious agents, fungi are considered the largest group. They can be controlled with fungicides. Bacteria and viruses cause no less serious harm.
Bacteria penetrate plants through water pores, stomata and lenticels in the bark, and are preserved together with plant remains in the soil. In contrast, viruses can reproduce only in a living cell. A large number of phytopathogenic viruses are found in the body of insects, where they reproduce and then spread mechanically.
Diseases caused by a virus are very easy to identify; to do this, simply look at the color of the leaves; if it is mosaic, has wrinkles or curls on the leaf blade, then it is 100% a virus.
At the same time, there may be underdevelopment of the generative organs. If the plant is infected with a virus, it is already very difficult to save it, even, most likely, impossible, so you should approach the issue of protective measures for garden care responsibly. Of course, it is better if all the work is done by a professional, because only then can you be sure that your plants are fully protected.